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The history of the development of the DOP
Microbiology has passed a long way of development, amounting to several thousands of years. In V-VI Millennium B. C. people benefit from the activity of microorganisms, not knowing about their existence. Wine making, bread baking, cheesemaking, skin dressing — not that other, as the processes involving microorganisms. Then, in ancient times, scientists and thinkers have speculated that many diseases are caused by outsiders invisible causes with wildlife.
Consequently, Microbiology originated long before our era. In its development it has gone through several stages, not so much related chronologically as a result of the main achievements and discoveries. First bacteria seen in the optical microscope and described in 1676 the Dutch naturalist Antoni van Leeuwenhoek. The name "bacterium" was introduced into use in 1828 Christians Ehrenberg.
In the 1850s, Louis Pasteur began the study of the physiology and metabolism of bacteria, and also opened their pathogenic properties. Further development of medical Microbiology received in the works of Robert Koch, who formulated the General principles of determining the causative agent of disease (Koch's postulates). In 1905 he was awarded the Nobel prize for tuberculosis research. Fundamentals of General Microbiology and the study of the role of bacteria in nature have laid mV Beyerinck and S. N. Vinogradsky.